Group Case 3: Mci Communications Corp., 1983

Gathering Case 3: MCI Communications Corp. , 1983 Executive Summary Assumptions coming up next are the presumptions we made through the entire investigation. The anticipated incomes from 1983 to 1990 were expected to follow the example in Exhibit 9A, notwithstanding the vulnerability of the higher access charge and rivalry increment. The minimal expense rate is 30% during that period. The firm should keep negligible money parity of $100 million to help its working activities.However, the difference in working NWC is thought to be zero. Figuring To ascertain the outer financing needs during the period 1983-1990, we have to compute the net income from activity (I. e. the free income short after duty intrigue paid). Alongside the money toward the start of the year and the necessary least money balance, we can get the outside financing requirement for every year. See definite count in Exhibit 1.However, because of the vulnerability of access charge change and rivalry, the working edge wo uld increment or abatement by as much as 7% from the expectation, in spite of the fact that the administration was focused on the anticipated income levels. Thusly, the outer financing needs would fluctuate correspondingly. See point by point estimation in Exhibit 2, and 3. The outer financing needs under three situations are summed up underneath. In 1983, the organization had no outer financing needs, as it simply brought $400 million up in March.From 1984 to 1987, the financing needs stayed with expanding, as the organization attempted to extend. From that point onward, there was no outer financing need as the income are in acceptable levels, with the exception of on account of negative circumstance where it despite everything needs $270. 78 million out of 1988. [pic] Recommendations and Conclusion [pic] Exhibit 1 Operating Margin at Predicted levels [pic] Exhibit 2 Operating Margin Decreased by 7% [pic] Exhibit 3 Operating Margin Increased by 7%

Public Company and Patagonia Free Essays

string(141) Patagonia utilized a very different promoting approach than its rivals, utilizing under 1% of its deals towards showcasing and advertising. As assets and commodity’s decline, it is increasingly hard to have any kind of effect on the planet today. Patagonia keeps on striving to do their part with the assets that are accessible. Patagonia is a secretly held outside dress organization based out of Ventura, California that creates yearly deals of around $540 million. We will compose a custom article test on Open Company and Patagonia or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now Patagonia has created outside attire that is showcased towards open air sports, travel and consistently wear. The organization coordinates Its guiding principle into each item that it produces. They are known for their creative structures, and natural duty. Its high respectability and responsibility to the earth has set Patagonia on the Deciphers Institute’s â€Å"WorldS Most Ethical Companies† list for SIX sequential years since the rundown was first evolved In 2007 (Unknown, WOMEN Honorees, 2012). This case examination will look at the historical backdrop of Patagonia, and Its business theory. Patagonians plan of action will be assessed just as the caught cost and estimation of the organization. Next, we will analyze Patagonians natural position and its manageability. The item way of life activity will be examined and how well it functioned for the organization. Patagonians budget reports are essential to decide the accomplishment of the company’s monetary objectives. Finally, I will share a few exercises that I gained from Patagonia and this contextual investigation. History Patagonia was begun from one entrepreneur’s enthusiasm. Depressed person, originator of Patagonia, built up an energy for rock climbing. In 1953 his interests carried him west to the San Fernando Valley in California, where he turned into a specialist at climbing. He realized that he couldn’t investigate his energy of climbing how he would have preferred to on account of constrained fitting climbing gear accessible. The main accessible climbing ear were pitons, which are metal spikes that were crashed Into breaks or creases In the stones. Pitons are left In the stone, implying that a long trip could require many these instruments. After disappointment, and money related hardship, Schoolyard got Inspired in the wake of meeting a Swiss climber that had made his own arrangement of iron pitons. He turned pitons that were more grounded than what was at present available. Expression of Cinnabar’s creation spread, and he started selling his pitons out of the rear of his vehicle for $1. 50 each. Despite the fact that the leisure activity was sufficient to help him, he frequently lived on not exactly a dollar day. Floating along the California coast, moving in Yosemite, and surfing in Baja, Cinchonas was content with his way of life. By 1966 Cinchonas chose to band together with Tom and Doreen Frost to make Cinchonas Equipment. They immediately turned into the biggest provider in the United States. For about 10 years Cinchonas and Frost made enhancements for almost every climbing apparatus. Tom and Doreen worked with Cinchonas â€Å"Just to pay the bills†. In 1972 Cinchonas Equipment included an open air clothing line called â€Å"Patagonia†. Patagonia became rapidly. Cinchonas and his significant other Melinda realized they needed to sell things that would minimally affect he condition. So they settled on numerous choices in their business approach that would help the earth, for example, utilizing natural cotton to make shirts. Not long after the foundation of Patagonia, it turned into its own organization, not, at this point under the responsibility for gear. In any case, in the same way as other new businesses, Patagonia attempted to grow too rapidly. Developing its deals from $20 million to $100 million just as extending its administrations into Japan and Europe. This wide-scale development set Patagonia into a desperate budgetary circumstance. The downturn that occurred in the ass’s constrained the organization to lay off about 20% of its staff. Patagonia kept on developing in spite of a portion of the money related difficulties that they confronted (Reinhardt, Cascade’s, Hymn, 2010). Cinchonas didn't permit the downturn or the money related difficulties of the organization to stop his vision for Patagonia. Rather, he decided to go an increasingly supportable way. The organization changed to the more costly natural cotton in 1996, a hazardous business move thinking of it as expanded the firm’s gracefully costs. Notwithstanding, no other organization was creating garments with natural cotton. He put resources into other economical materials and chose to make items increasingly tough. This meeting a dangerous move since organizations regularly depend on purchasers returning to get substitution items. Conceivably, the more tough the item, the less clients should buy for substitution. In any case, the specific inverse happened: buyers were all the more ready to work with Patagonia because of its natural awareness and the way that they could trust Patagonians items to keep going quite a while. Connoisseurship’s on Business Cinchonas utilized Patagonia as an analysis to â€Å"challenge customary way of thinking and present another style of mindful business† (McAllen, 2011). He needed to remain route from the conventional method of working together, and concentrated his endeavors on â€Å"doing the privilege thing†, instead of on benefits. Making the best choice for Cinchonas implied guaranteeing that each choice that was made with respect to the business, was earth sound and capable. One choice that he made was to no longer utilize against smell innovation since it was undependable for the earth. The opposition Patagonians items were tantamount to those of their rivals. Different stores in the business, for example, North Face, Marmot Mountain, and Mountain Hardware, all common a similar enthusiasm of selling open air attire. Be that as it may, as a result of value, natural effect, and advancement, Patagonia can charge more for their and a portion of the top open air sportswear organizations in the business during 2009. Patagonians net revenue for 2010 was 52. 6%. Though the normal gross overall revenue of the other five organizations (Columbia Sportswear, V. F. Company, Nikkei, and Timberland) was $44. 95%. Also Patagonians year Net Income Growth for 2010 was 42. 5%, which was generously higher than the normal net gain development of its rivals at 26. 525% (Reinhardt, Cascade’s, Hymn, 2010, p. 12). This demonstrates notwithstanding the company’s increasingly costly item, shoppers were happy to pay more for higher caliber, and things that were earth safe. Showcasing isn’t that significant Patagonia utilized a very different promoting approach than its rivals, utilizing under 1% of its deals towards advertising and publicizing. You read Open Company and Patagonia in class Papers They have fortified their image dependent on their ecological duty, and â€Å"profit imparting to natural causes† (Alienist Door-Near, 2012). As web based life turns out to be increasingly famous, and promotions are presently a piece of what one sees when looking down their course of events, any organizations get free publicizing. The organization exploited this and utilized it as an outlet to convey to purchasers and the general population. In spite of the fact that it would have given them perhaps some preferred position, Patagonia didn't utilize its ecological position as a component of their promoting apparatus. Anyway they taught general society on the effect that their organization had on the earth. Doing so pulled in more buyers. Patagonia utilizes its site for selling open air clothing as well as an instructive apparatus about the earth, and the items that the organization utilizes in its creation. The kind of data that Patagonia put on their site shows that the organization has taken their business intense and that they know about their natural obligation. They utilize the site to sell the things, however to exhibit that they things that are created show corporate obligation. Notwithstanding the data on their site, Patagonia now and again put out promotions for their organization. The notices were generally short and included instructive messages. They accept that it is progressively essential to show individuals valuable data that will help improve their lives. In an ongoing meeting Patagonia UP Joy Howard expressed that their position is to â€Å"solve issues in the world,† and that promoting is the â€Å"dead last thing† to the organization (McAllen, 2011). This demonstrates the organization is more centered around the ecological supportability than on gainfulness. Instructing purchasers about what they are purchasing and how it influences the earth, sells the item itself. Display Use of naturally developed cotton Patagonians worry for the earth additionally made them choose to utilize natural cotton in their dress. They needed to keep on following their central goal apartment of â€Å"Build the best item, cause no superfluous mischief, use business to move and execute answers for the ecological crisis† (Unknown, Company Info, n. D. ). Cotton is one of the world’s most bug subordinate yields, consequently making a hazard the earth as a result of the pesticides that are utilized. In 1996 Patagonia changed clothing to 100% natural cotton items. They previously had apparel that was made with regular cotton, and made up about 20% of the company’s deals, however changing to natural cotton was a hazard that they were happy to take. Patagonia was not the principal organization to utilize natural cotton. The choice to garments organizations chose to drop their natural cotton line, so it was ideal planning for Patagonia to drop their line. Albeit at first Patagonia discovered achievement in presenting its natural cotton items, they likewise confronted a few difficulties. On account of the things and styles that we

Important Facts About Clove Cigarettes

Important Facts About Clove Cigarettes Addiction Nicotine Use The Inside of Cigarettes Print Facts About Clove Cigarettes Once-popular smoking alternative poses serious risks By Terry Martin facebook twitter Terry Martin quit smoking after 26 years and is now an advocate for those seeking freedom from nicotine addiction. Learn about our editorial policy Terry Martin Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Sanja Jelic, MD on January 19, 2020 Sanja Jelic, MD, is board-certified in sleep medicine, critical care medicine, pulmonary disease, and internal medicine.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Sanja Jelic, MD on January 19, 2020 More in Addiction Nicotine Use The Inside of Cigarettes After You Quit How to Quit Smoking Nicotine Withdrawal Smoking-Related Diseases Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Coping and Recovery Clove cigarettes, also known as kreteks, are often mistakenly thought of as a safe smoking alternative to regular cigarettes, presumed to be more natural and lacking in toxic chemicals. But they are just as problematic as traditional cigarettes. Produced in Indonesia and distributed worldwide, clove cigarettes are typically made of up of approximately 60% to 80% tobacco, and 20% to 40% ground clove buds and clove oil. Sometimes additional spices like cumin, cinnamon, and nutmeg are also added. Usually machine-rolled, clove cigarettes come with or without filters. While kreteks do not contain the thousands of toxic chemicals that traditional cigarettes do, they are far from healthy. Verywell / Brianna Gilmartin   Health Risks Studies have shown that clove cigarettes deliver more nicotine, carbon monoxide, and tar than regular cigarettes.?? It takes more time and puffs on average to fully smoke a clove cigarette, leading smokers to face up to 20 times the risk of acute lung damage than nonsmokers.??  Clove cigarette smokers who suffer from asthma or a respiratory infection are especially at risk. Clove cigarettes pose  the same risk of nicotine addiction  that conventional cigarettes do, according to research from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). These cigarettes also contain eugenol, a mild anesthetic that naturally occurs in cloves.?? It is thought that the numbing feature of cloves caused by eugenol allows the kretek smoker to inhale longer and more deeply. (Because of this effect, eugenol is sometimes added to traditional cigarettes to numb the throat against the harshness of tobacco smoke.) This can increase the risk of lung infections, respiratory illness, and allergic reactions in some smokers, especially those with existing lung sensitivities???. Clove cigarette smokers also increase their risk of heart disease and certain cancers, such as cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and liver.?? Aside from this, in large doses, cloves or clove oil can cause a variety of potentially dangerous problems, including: Nausea/vomitingAbdominal painDiarrheaSeizuresRapid breathingRapid heartbeatSleepinessMouth or throat burnsLung injuryBronchospasm The CDC has confirmed 12 cases of non-specific respiratory illness (including  pulmonary edema, capillaries leakage, and decreased blood oxygen) linked to the use of clove cigarettes. Gateway to Tobacco Use Like bidi cigarettes, its not uncommon for clove cigarettes to be a young persons first introduction to tobacco. Between the spiced flavor of cloves and colorful packaging, this type of cigarette is aimed directly at young smokers and is considered a gateway product.?? Clove cigarettes became rather popular in the United States among young people in the early 1980s, particularly in California high schools and universities. The trend peaked in 1984 when imports into the United States, mainly from Indonesia, totaled 150 million cigarettes per year. As of Dec. 20, 2019, the new legal age limit is 21 years old for purchasing cigarettes, cigars, or any other tobacco products in the U.S. The trend began to reverse in 1985 as evidence suggested that cloves cigarettes were more harmful than originally imagined. In 2009, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) took action by prohibiting cigarettes with any flavor other than tobacco or menthol, which implicitly included cigarettes made with clove or clove oil. The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act of 2009 was implemented to deter kids  from getting started with tobacco. Sweet flavors added to cigarettes soften the harsh taste of tobacco smoke, easing new smokers into what often becomes a lifelong struggle with nicotine addiction. In 2020, the FDA specifically cracked down on companies that make and sell fruit and mint-flavored e-cigarettes, which were more appealing to young adults than traditional tobacco or mint varieties. While the FDA also raised the age for buying tobacco products to 21, parents should know that e-cigarette and other tobacco products may still be available online. A Word From Verywell Clove cigarettes are not a safe smoking alternative. Any product that must be lit, burned, and inhaled is hazardous to delicate lung tissue and other organs in our bodies, and one that contains tobacco is even more hazardous. There is no such thing as a safe cigarette. If you are already smoking clove cigarettesâ€"or any other type of cigaretteâ€"there are steps you can take to quit the habit and live a healthier life. Are Clove Cigarettes a Healthy Way to Smoke?

An Analysis of Instructional Case Focusing on Ethical...

THE NORTH FACE, INC.: An analysis of Instructional Case Focusing on Ethical Issues Involving Financial Accountants and Independent Auditors Questions 1. Should auditors insist that their clients accept all proposed audit adjustments, even those that have an â€Å"immaterial† effect on the given set of financial statements? Defend your answer. To confirm that materiality is a pervasive concept in auditing, simply refer to the index of the professional auditing standards and identify the large number of â€Å"materiality† entries—approximately fifty, if you are curious. In addition to being an important topic, materiality is easily among the most controversial†¦show more content†¦3. Identify the general principles or guidelines that dictate when companies are entitled to record revenue. How were these principles or guidelines violated by the $7.8 million barter transaction and the two consignment sales discussed in this case? 3. Statement of Financial Accounting Concepts No. 5, â€Å"Recognition and Measurement in Financial Statements of Business Enterprises,† established a two-part revenue recognition rule for accountants to follow in deciding when to record revenues. Before revenue is recognized (recorded) in an entity’s accounting records, it should be both realized and earned, according to the following excerpt from SFAC No. 5. Revenues and gains are realized when products (goods or services), merchandise, or other assets are exchanged for cash or claims to cash. . . . revenues are considered to have been earned when the entity has substantially accomplished what it must do to be entitled to the benefits represented by the revenues. The â€Å"Suggestions for Use† section identifies the specific accounting standards that apply most directly toShow MoreRelatedSection 5 Internal Control over Financial Reporting Essay23602 Words   |  95 Pagesinternal control Qver F inancial Reporting CASES INCLUDED iN THIS SECTiON 1. Simply Steam, Co. 155 Evaluation of Internal Control Environment 2. Easy Clean, Co. 155 Evaluation of Internal Control Environment 3. Red Bluff Inn Cafà © 165 Establishing Effective Internal Control in a Small Business 4. St. James Clothiers 169 Evaluation of Manual and IT-Based Sales Accounting System Risks 5. Collins Harp Enterprises 177 Recommending IT Systems DevelopmentRead MoreAudit Case23997 Words   |  96 Pagesinternal control over financial reporting c a S eS inc lu de d in t hiS Se ction 5 155 155 165 169 177 185 195 5.1 Simply Steam, Co. 5.2 Easy Clean, Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 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Management Accounting The Process Of Producing Management

Management accounting is the process of producing management reports and accounts which provide accurate and timely information for the use of internal parties within an organisation, such as departmental managers or chief executive officers. The information collected and produced include financial aspects such as amount of cash in hand, capital, liabilities, recent sales revenues, cost of production and also non-financial aspects such as employee’s performances or efficiency of production. In this era of globalisation and increased competition, firms and companies are starting to look beyond management accounting to run a business, that is by forming strategies. Strategy can be defined by an idea to ‘produce long term plans for the†¦show more content†¦Management accountants could incorporate competitors’ information like market share and budgets in the reports to allow comparability. For example the firm can bid at a lower price or try to lower the cost s below that of its competitor which increases its competitive advantage. The usage of competitors’ information has been incorporated into the business world as large companies in New Zealand, United Kingdom and the United States ‘found a high use of competitive position monitoring, competitor performance appraisal based on published financial statements†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢(Guilding et al.’s survey, 2000) [5]. Besides, management accounting information could emphasise on two ways to have a strategic advantage, that is through differentiation, and being cost leaders. Differentiation means that having products which are unique, and standing out from what is produced by the competitors. To do this, managers focus on producing better quality products, so that the firm could ask for a higher price, increase demand and supply in the market, which eventually leads to higher profitability. 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Kennedy’s New Frontier Program Free Essays

In November 1960, majority of the American population voted John F. Kennedy into presidency. Opposite to the tactics used by his opponent We will write a custom essay sample on Kennedy’s New Frontier Program or any similar topic only for you Order Now com/richard-nixon-and-supreme-court/"Richard Nixon who emphasized his experience during the Eisenhower administration, Kennedy called to incorporate new tactics to leadership and new ways to effectively use their country’s rich economic and human resources (â€Å"An Outline of American History† 12-20). In Kennedy’s inauguration speech, he spoke of a â€Å"New Frontier. In general, Kennedy’s government through the programs incorporated with the New Frontier was dedicated towards creating ways to boost their economy, to strengthen their national defense and to extend international aid towards their allies. In this light, his administration passed several bills and policies that sought to improve their economic status, while giving a close look at the country’s housing status, wage level and unemployment level, provision of social services and improving the defense system and battling to decrease the crime rate. However, his desire to extend the fruits of economic success with the American citizens was thwarted by the mere fact that he won the presidency in such a narrow margin. His opponents from the Conservative Party and southerners resisted the plans that he carried out for his administration. Further, although one of his strongest priorities is to end economic recession and in turn restore economic growth, price increase in the steel indusry has lost him support from business leaders in the country. Moreover, in the area of civil and social rights, Kennedy fell short from providing the citizens with adequate and quality healthcare, education, international aid and space program (â€Å"Kennedy and the New Frontier†). However, despite these shortcomings, hindrances and deficits, he was able to bring judgment with the Cuban Missile Crisis which during that era was one of the most pressing international issues. This earned him a great popularity not only among the Americans, but for people from other countries as well. As such, towards the end of his term, he further initiated some measures that are thought to become beneficial for their country. Unfortunately though, on November 1963, he was assassinated. Despite his death, the liberal reputation he gained through his style and ideas continued. The agendas that he intended to implement before his death continued to become a liberal force of change for the Americans. How to cite Kennedy’s New Frontier Program, Papers

This experiment investigated the effects of different emotional content on emotional arousal Essay Example Essay Example

This experiment investigated the effects of different emotional content on emotional arousal Essay Example Paper This experiment investigated the effects of different emotional content on emotional arousal Essay Introduction This experiment investigated the effects of different emotional content on emotional arousal. The design method used was a within subjects design. Emotional arousal was measured by gauging the participants’ heart rate, using Biopac ECG computer software, blood pressure and completion of a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) by the participant, as shown in appendix A. Results showed that funnier or more dramatic emotional content led to a greater variety in emotional arousal. More humorous content also resulted in a more positive mood. Introduction There are many theories in relation to emotional arousal. The James-Lange theory of emotion argues that an event causes physiological arousal first and then this arousal is interpreted. Only after interpretation of the arousal can emotion be experienced. If the arousal is not noticed or is not given any thought, then an emotion will not be experienced based on this event. The Cannon-Bard theory states that physiological arousal and emotional experience are experienced at the same time. According to the Schachter-Singer theory, an event causes physiological arousal first. The reason for this arousal must then be identified so that the emotion can be experienced. Lazarus Theory claims that a thought must come before any emotion or physiological arousal can be experienced. This experiment investigated the effects of different emotional content on emotional arousal Essay Body Paragraphs This experiment measured how different types of stimuli cause emotional mood change and how these mood changes can be detected physiologically. Participants watched three short video clips: a video clip from ‘Fried Green Tomatoes at the Whistle Stop Cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½Ã¢â‚¬â„¢, a video clip of Jasper Carrot from his stand-up comedy routine and television series ‘The Detectives’ and a video clip of cars driving on a motorway. Their mood was measured before and after watching the clip. There were two measures taken: the participant’s blood pressure and a VAS filled out by participant for a subjective measure of their mood. As well as these, the participant’s heart rate was measured whilst they were watching the video clip. The following predictions, and the reasoning behind each, were made: 1. The Jasper Carrot video clip would provide more arousal than the other two video clips. Jasper Carrot is a comedian and when people laugh out loud their heat rate inc reases. 2. The Motorway video clip would have a negative effect on the mood. This was a very boring and repetitive video clip, with not much action. Participants would quickly get bored an after time possibly a bit angry and stressed. 3. The Jasper Carrot video clip would have a positive effect on the mood. When people are laughing their mood improves, even if only temporarily. 4. The Fried Green Tomatoes video clip would provide a greater variation in emotion than the other two video clips. There are a greater variety emotions in this video clip, which leads to a larger range of emotional arousal. Method This experiment used a within subjects design and was carried out in a laboratory setting. The independent variable was the video clip shown to the participant: Fried Green Tomatoes, Jasper Carrot or Motorway. The dependent variables measuring mood change were: the VAS scores before and after watching the video clip, the participants’ blood pressure before and after watching the video clip and heart rate of the participant whilst watching the video clip. A random order was used when deciding the sequence of the video clips. Equipment used was Biopac ECG computer software, VASs, blood pressure monitors and the video clips. The participant was connected to the Biopac ECG computer software by placing three electrodes on the surface of the skin; one on the inside of each wrist and one on the back of one wrist. These electrodes detect electrical signals which relate to the electrical activity of the heart. The blood pressure monitors measured systolic and diastolic blood pressure. These were strapped on the participant’s wrist so that the screen was on the inside of the wrist. Results The following graph looks at the overall mean heart rate for each video clip. As figure 1 shows, the mean heart rate for the Jasper Carrot video clip is much higher than that of the Fried Green Tomatoes video clip. However, it is only slightly higher than the Motorway T raffic video clip. Figure 2 shows the difference in blood pressure before and after watching each video clip. As can be seen by figure 2, both the systolic and diastolic blood pressures increased after watching the Fried Green Tomatoes video clip. After watching the Jasper carrot video clip, both the systolic and diastolic blood pressures decreased. After the motorway traffic video clip participants’ systolic blood pressure rose slightly whilst the diastolic came down. The next graph looks at changes in VAS scores completed by the participants before and after watching each of the video clips. As figure 3 illustrates, the Fried Green Tomatoes and Motorway Traffic video clips had a negative effect on the participants’ mood whilst the Jasper Carrot video clip had a positive effect on their mood. Figure 4 shows the heart rate of the participants whilst they were watching each of the videos. Discussion The first prediction stated that the Jasper Carrot video clip would pro vide more arousal than the other two video clips. Looking at the overall mean heart rate for each of the video clips in figure 1 shows that the mean heart rate for the Jasper Carrot video clip was visibly higher than that of the Fried Green Tomatoes video clip. Whilst it was also higher than the mean heart rate for the Motorway Traffic video clip, this difference was only small; 73.23056 for the Jasper Carrot video clip and 73.155 for the Motorway Traffic video clip. An independent samples t-test, as shown in appendix B, was carried out to see if this difference was statistically significant. Results of this test show that the difference was not significant at the 95% level (t=0.042, df=122, p;0.05). Therefore, the null hypothesis can be accepted and the prediction made rejected: the Jasper Carrot video clip does not provide more arousal than the other two video clips. It is perhaps surprising that the Motorway Traffic video clip produced such a high overall mean heart rate. This ma y have occurred due to the fact that the video clip was extremely repetitive and not very interesting. As a result of this the participants became bored quite quickly and maybe became slightly stressed and angry after some time. This would cause an increase in arousal, as shown in the heart rates. Another possible explanation could have been the anticipation by the participant of something bad happening, for example an accident. This would have lead to increased tension and worry, which would have increased the heart rate. The second prediction stated that the Motorway video clip would have a negative effect on the mood. Looking at the differences in VAS scores between before and after watching the video clip in figure 3 shows that there was a movement towards the more negative mood in each of the three scales: sad-happy, tense-calm and stressed-relaxed. This supports the prediction made. This may have been caused again by he reasons as stated above; the participants became bored of the video clip quite easily which led to a less positive mood. The third prediction stated the Jasper Carrot video clip would have a positive effect on the mood. Looking at the differences in VAS scores between before and after watching the video clip in figure 3 shows that there was a movement towards the more positive mood in each of the three scales: sad-happy, tense-calm and stressed-relaxed. This supports the prediction made. This was most probably because the majority of people find Jasper Carrot funny, as can be reflected in his success as a comedian over the years. They will laugh and smile whilst they watch him, and possibly temporarily forget about any worries. This leads to a more relaxed state and an improvement in mood. The fourth prediction stated that the Fried Green Tomatoes video clip would provide a greater variation in emotion than the other two video clips. Figure 4 shows the heart rates of participants whilst they were watching the three video clips. The Motorw ay Traffic clip remains fairly constant between 72 and 74 beats per minute. Both the Jasper Carrot and Fried Green Tomatoes video clips show a large range; the minimum value on the graph being 67.09545 for the Jasper Carrot video clip and 67.78162 for Fried Green Tomatoes and peaks of 75.55909 for Jasper Carrot and 76.81019 for the Fried Green Tomatoes video clip. Looking at the graph in figure 4 it is difficult to say that either the Fried Green Tomatoes or Jasper Carrot video clip shows a greater variance in the heart rate then the other one. Therefore, the prediction made should be rejected: the Fried Green Tomatoes video clip does not provide a greater variation in emotion than the other two video clips. This variety in heart rates in both the Fried Green Tomatoes and Jasper Carrot video clips is understandable when looked at closely. Whilst overall one would expect the Jasper Carrot video clip to give a higher overall heart rate, as shown in figure 1, it is unlikely that a high level would be maintained throughout. The heart rate would increase at a particularly funny part and then go down again until the next joke. In the Fried Green Tomatoes clip there are a variety of emotions occurring within a short space of time. Firstly, there is the calmness then a sudden excitement and increase in arousal as the participant sees Buddy stuck on the train track, before returning back to the calmness of the hospital. All of these different emotions produce different levels of arousal, as shown in the heart rates. We will write a custom essay sample on This experiment investigated the effects of different emotional content on emotional arousal Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on This experiment investigated the effects of different emotional content on emotional arousal Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on This experiment investigated the effects of different emotional content on emotional arousal Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Free Essays on Mystical Pathways to the Governing Body of consciousness

William James submits to us the notion that â€Å"personal religious experience has its root and centre in mystical states of consciousness. † Stating that mystical states of consciousness must have the characteristics of ineffability, Noetic quality, transiency, and passivity , James ascribes four marks to mystical states of consciousness, clearly defining them from our normal state of consciousness (what James calls â€Å"rational consciousness †). These four marks provide reason for the existence of a supreme governing body over mystical states of consciousness, which will be established as G-d. Furthermore, G-d's existence in these mystical states provides reason for G-d's existence in rational consciousness. In dissecting James’ four marks of mystical states of consciousness, we find that the very nature of them either implies or makes reference to some form of supreme governing being over their existence. Primarily, James states that there are two main qualities which every mystical state must have: Ineffability, and Noetic quality. The ineffability of mystical states provides a link to the ineffability of G-d. James quotes, â€Å"whoso calls the Absolute anything in particular, or says that it is this, seems implicitly to shut it off from being that - it is as if he lessened it. † This is to say that not only is anything we use to describe G-d by no means of the level of divine quality, it also limits G-d and detracts from anything else that G-d may be. This raises a pondering question: If G-d is ineffable, how may we know of G-d’s existence? The preeminent means of addressing this problem is to compare this issue to the ineffability of mystical states of conscious ness. While it is true that these states of consciousness are inexplicable, we do not deny the validity of their existence. Rather, we acknowledge that only the one experiencing them may know the true meaning of them. The same can be said of G-d. While it is true t... Free Essays on Mystical Pathways to the Governing Body of consciousness Free Essays on Mystical Pathways to the Governing Body of consciousness William James submits to us the notion that â€Å"personal religious experience has its root and centre in mystical states of consciousness. † Stating that mystical states of consciousness must have the characteristics of ineffability, Noetic quality, transiency, and passivity , James ascribes four marks to mystical states of consciousness, clearly defining them from our normal state of consciousness (what James calls â€Å"rational consciousness †). These four marks provide reason for the existence of a supreme governing body over mystical states of consciousness, which will be established as G-d. Furthermore, G-d's existence in these mystical states provides reason for G-d's existence in rational consciousness. In dissecting James’ four marks of mystical states of consciousness, we find that the very nature of them either implies or makes reference to some form of supreme governing being over their existence. Primarily, James states that there are two main qualities which every mystical state must have: Ineffability, and Noetic quality. The ineffability of mystical states provides a link to the ineffability of G-d. James quotes, â€Å"whoso calls the Absolute anything in particular, or says that it is this, seems implicitly to shut it off from being that - it is as if he lessened it. † This is to say that not only is anything we use to describe G-d by no means of the level of divine quality, it also limits G-d and detracts from anything else that G-d may be. This raises a pondering question: If G-d is ineffable, how may we know of G-d’s existence? The preeminent means of addressing this problem is to compare this issue to the ineffability of mystical states of conscious ness. While it is true that these states of consciousness are inexplicable, we do not deny the validity of their existence. Rather, we acknowledge that only the one experiencing them may know the true meaning of them. The same can be said of G-d. While it is true t...

Be Sure to Dot Your is!

Be Sure to Dot Your is! Be Sure to Dot Your is! Be Sure to Dot Your is! By Maeve Maddox A reader asks: What is the correct way to write, there are three twos in the English language. The short answer is: There are three twos in the English language. A more thorough answer requires a look at 1. the rule for forming the plural of letters, acronyms, symbols, and words regarded as words, and 2. the intended meaning of this particular sentence. 1. How to form the plural of letters, numerals, symbols, and words used as words The Walsh Plain English handbook (widely used in American schools from 1939 into the 1970s) gave this rule: Form the plurals of letters, symbols, figures, and words regarded as words by adding s, or sometimes just s: Ex. Dot your is, cross your ts, and make your 3s (or 3s) plainer. You have too many ands (or ands) in this sentence. In 2009, the Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL), an excellent and authoritative guide to written English, gives this rule: The plurals of single capital letters, acronyms, and Arabic numerals (1,2,3,) take an -s WITHOUT an apostrophe: Z (the capital letter Z)Zs UPC (Universal Product Code)UPCs ATM (Automatic Teller Machine)ATMs GUI (Graphical User Interface)GUIs 3 (the Arabic numeral 3)3s The OWL handout Forming plurals of lowercase letters carries this notation: Apostrophes are used to form plurals of letters that appear in lowercase; here the rule appears to be more typographical than grammatical, e.g. three ps versus three ps. To form the plural of a lowercase letter, place s after the letter. There is no need for apostrophes indicating a plural on capitalized letters, numbers, and symbols (though keep in mind that some editors, teachers, and professors still prefer them). My take on the use of the apostrophe to form any kind of plural is avoid doing it if you can make your meaning clear in any other way. Using s to form the plural of symbols feeds the uncertainities of young writers who imagine that the apostrophe is the sign of the plural and write such things as The dogs ran in the park. Or The dogs ran in the park. Ive had students so mesmerized by the apostrophe that they wrote his as his and goes as goes. Because of such experiences I balk at forming any kind of plural with s. In most cases no confusion results from adding a plain s to a numeral: His 3s look like 8s. Or to an acronym: All the ATMs had been vandalized. Adding s to a letter is tricky, as in the title of this post. The intended plural is looks like the verb is. Capitalizing the letter can help, but not in every case. Ex. Take more care in forming your As, Ts, and Is. My solution is to resort to quotation marks: Take more care in forming your as, ts, and is. Im not entirely happy with my solution, but I prefer it to using the apostrophe to form a plural. 2. The sentence There are three twos in the English language. Spoken, the sentence is a great way for a teacher to introduce the three English words that are pronounced [tu:]: to, two, and too. Attempting to put the sentence into written form, however, presents problems. For one thing, it spoils the pun. For another, theres only one two in English. Link to Owl Writing Lab Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:What is the Difference Between "These" and "Those"?35 Genres and Other Varieties of FictionWords That Begin with Q

Analysis on the Organizational Structure of Oman Air Essay

Analysis on the Organizational Structure of Oman Air - Essay Example The Sultanate of Oman’s Civil Aviation founded the Oman Air, which began its operation in 1993. Prior to that event, in the year 1970, the Oman International Services was inaugurated. It was followed by the establishment of Oman Aviation services on 1981 with an aim to expand its services offered to other airlines such as in cargo handling and ground handling. With the operation of Oman Air, this company was responsible for creating a traffic hub in Muscat, which led to the growth of the tourism industry, commercial, and industrial. The company first offered direct flights in Colombo and Dubai, then succeeded by Trivandum, Kuwait, Karachi, and Sri Lanka from 1993-1994. In 1995, it started to open direct flights in India, Bangladesh, and Dhaka. The destination offered expanded, but it started to limit its operation since 2003. In 2005, it commenced to offer other destinations until it expanded internationally. Oman Air was introduced as the new identity of Oman Aviation Service s (SAOC) on April 21, 2008 (Oman Air, 2012e). The company commits itself in providing quality services to its target markets, which is construed by 28 awards they received from the independent sector. The company was recognized as the Best Airline Worldwide 2011 based on the survey conducted by the travel magazine (Oman Air, 2012f). SWOT Analysis Strength Oman Air has monopolized the airline industry since it is considered as the national carrier within the country. There is no competition involved because the government owns 99.825% while others have a percentage of 0.175 (Oman Air, 2012a). The government is primarily bounded in its marketing campaign, which will increase the tourist in Oman. Since it is the flag carrier of the Sultanate of Oman, it has been widely known in the country. The market presence of Oman Air is relatively high. Moreover, Oman is notable for its hospitality. The company desires to render comfort for customers while they travel across the countries. Furthermore, Oman Air leaves an impression of their services based on the international standards with emphasis on quality and safety. Oman Air was the first airline that offered satellite telephone and internet connection. The investment in green technology strengthened the brand name of Oman Air because modern facilities and aircraft reduced carbon emission. Weaknesses The internal structure of Oman Air reflects its weakness. Due to the poor performance of every department, the profitability of the company is affected. The large organizational structure of the company needs good leadership and management. The departmentalized structure divides the attention of the CEO, which weakens the interdepartmental communication. The poor management of HR resources in recruiting technical and administrative tasks leads to the poor performance of every department. It results to the staged strike by the Oman Air employees, which aim for higher wages (Pollack, et al., 2011, p.181). The conflict inside the Oman Air is influenced by politics regarding on poor management and corruption. The strike reminds the employers to provid e opportunities for employees. Lastly, the culture of Oman Air has not yet altered despite the deviation in the cultural background of its staff. Opportunities Monopolization in the airline industry provides opportunities for the business operation of Oman Air. This company is the only air carrier that offers services globally. When there is no competition, the company can be secured of its profitability and sales. Oman Air has no apprehension on the prices of air fare. Thus, Oman Air caters to the large market of travellers in its country. According to Rajasekar and Moideenkutty (2007, p.128), the population of travellers in Oman is about 800, 000. Furthermore, modern facilities such as â€Å"new passenger terminal, a brand new cargo terminal, new engineering facility, and in-flight catering facility† can elevate the profitability of Oman Air. The customers’

History of Tests & Measurements Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

History of Tests & Measurements - Essay Example This essay will highlight five themes in the work of Kubiszyn and Borich (2010). Highlight on implications on the educational sector as well as teacher ability in relation to these tests will be focused on. It is evident that controversies have been witnessed in this filed. According to Kubiszyn and Borich (2010), educators need comprehensive and practical approaches for conducting assessments on their learners’ achievements and progress in the classroom setting. Their work is, therefore, one of the most comprehensive one, that teachers can incorporate in their classrooms to focus on the changes required in the classrooms. 2.0. Effects of tests on the Classroom Teacher Tests play a crucial role in the teaching and learning of concepts in the classroom setting. It is through tests that Shepard (2000) argues that teachers are able to keep track of the progress of his or her learners. Through tests, teachers are able to identify the weak points of their learners as well as their strengths. For instance, standardized tests are well known for the identification of learners’ strengths’ and weaknesses. ... Tests, according to McMillan (2000) are useful for determination of the best content to be covered by the learners. 3.0. Tests as Tools Analysts give varying views on the utility of tests, as a contributor of positive impacts in learning. Kubiszyn and Borich’s (2010), work indicates that tests are mere tools that are simply set to as a formality and no evidence can proof their validity. Not all students are in a position to understand the mechanics of all tests that are provided in the classroom. For instance, a well informed student may miss out a few particulars, in a particular test, and fail the entire exam. Does this mean that the student is a failure in that particular test or not? In this context, therefore, tests may not be regarded as useful means of assessments in the society. Tests, according to Burger & Krueger (2003) have an off-putting effect on the teaching and learning process. Tests administered during the learning process consume a lot of time that would have been used in covering the contents of the syllabus. Learners have acquired the skills of cramming certain tests used in learning process especially if they are aware that there is likelihood that those tests may be repeated at the end of the course. In short, tests overemphasize on the ability to learn fundamental skills by the learners instead of inculcating skills that will enable learners think critically and analyze situations in the society. In fact, statistics indicate that once tutors emphasize on teaching with the use of tests, there is likelihood, that learning records no change, though the scores of learning may escalate as a result of rote learning. In light to this argument, therefore, it is evident that tests cannot be indicated to be the best ways of

Essay --

The myth of the Ring of Gyges has transcended hundred of years, thusly making it a ‘tale as old as time’. Modern adaptations of this myth include JRR Tolkien’s, â€Å"Lord of the Ring† series as an example. Through this legend and others, like the myth of metals, Plato is able to demonstrate what one ought to do if one is set owner of the infamous Ring of Gyges, ergo the argumentation of why one ought to act justly. If I had a magic ring such as the Ring of Gyges I would be inclined to act mischievously, but would wind up acting as though I did not have the ring. To fully understand my position, if I had a magic ring, can only be fully comprehended once the purpose of the ring, pertaining to morality is understood. I feel as though the Socrates of The Apology and of The Republic would answer in a consistent way. Namely, that regardless of possession of the ring or not, one should act justly. â€Å"Why act just†, is a theme through out the philosophical works of Plato, in The Republic, Plato aims to address the issue of how justice becomes a virtue in society. Please note that The Republic, in addition to The Apology are works of Plato, but the main character is Socrates, Plato’s teacher. Therefore, when referring to the two works, Plato and or Socrates can be named in reference. Furthermore, after addressing how one acts just, Plato is to ask why one ought to act just. He uses the myth of the Ring of Gyges to help explain this phenomenon of human behavior. Why having a discussion with his two brothers, Glaucon and Adeimantus, the myth of the Ring of Gyges is first brought up in conversation. Specifically found at the Stephanus pagination of 2.359a–2.360d, Glaucon, brother of Plato, first tells the legend in book II of The Republic. The ... ...sense of arà ªte, as described before. As a result, while seemingly tempting to act unjustly, if one is to live an examined life they will see that one will be the happiest and have the most eudemonia, or Greek word for happy and or balanced, if they act justly. This is regardless of whether or not set individual is wearing the Ring of Gyges. To reiterate, if I was in possession of the Ring of Gyges, while it would be tempted to act unjustly, I would ultimately act justly. By acting justly it promotes the idea of one’s soul (ration, spirit and desire) being in harmony. Set idea is illustrated by the metaphor of a city and the myth of the metals. This idea demonstrates the notion of â€Å" justice is not what one sees but one feels† as stated by Plato. After consideration of Socrates in both The Republic and The Apology I think he would ultimately answer in a similar way.

Effect of Enzyme Catalese on Hydrogen Peroxide

Aim: The aim of the Assessment Task 1 is to investigate the effect of 1)temperature, 2)pH and 3)substrate concentration on the action of enzyme such as catalase on hydrogen peroxide. Background knowledge: Enzymes are organic catalysts composed of proteins that assist organisms in facilitating metabolic reactions without undergoing any change themselves. Enzymes are sensitive to their environment and so must remain within a stable range of factors ( pH, temperature , substrate concentration etc) for them to function.Any deviations from this stable state can result in decreased efficiency or even the denaturing (destruction) of the enzyme. What affects enzymes: 1)Temperature- Enzymes stop working if the temperature rises above 40? C. Increasing the temperature alters the 3D shape and so the enzyme can no longer fit the substrate. 2)pH- They work best in neutral conditions neither acidic nor alkaline. 3)Substrate concentration – Increasing the substrate concentration, increases t he activiy of the enzymes till it reaches an optimal point beyond which there is no change in the enzyme acitivity.Catalase Enzyme: The activity of an enzyme can be demonstrated using liver, which contains the enzyme, catalase. Hydrogen peroxide breaks down slowly to form water and oxygen. One molecule of Catalase can deal with six million molecules of Hydrogen Peroxide in 1 minute. This breakdown happens rapidly in the present of the Catalase and Oxygen gas evolves rapidly and can be tested with a glowing splint or rising bubbles (variable). Changes in the temperature, acidity (pH) and concentration of the hydrogen peroxide will affect the rate of the reaction.The control was to have a test tube of just substrate without any enzymes present. The validity would be to test each variable in isolation without mixing any of the 3 variables namely, the pH, temp and substrate concentration. The amount of catalase and hydrogen peroxide will remain the same in all the test tubes. Hypothesis : The hypothesis is that since hydrogen peroxide breaks down into water and oxygen gas because of the enzyme, it is expected that with change in temperature of the catalase, oxygen bubbles would form.Apparatus / Equipment used: -test tubes & test tube racks -pipettes -Tweezers -Ruler -Water baths (for temperature control) -Ice bucket -Thermometer -Beakers -Hotplates -Measuring cylinder -Vinegar -Bi-Carb Soda -pH paper -pH meters Paper towels to cover up spills -Pen and paper to record results Ingredients used: -Liver ( enzyme called catalase) -Hydrogen Peroxide Equipment setup: The test tubes were setup up in a test tube rack. Ice bucket to cool and hot water bucket to warm were also kept in readiness.Experiment 1 (Temperature): Procedure: 1)I put on the work shirt, goggles, gloves and footwear as a safety measure. 2)I chopped up 3 equal pieces of liver. 3)I placed 1 piece of liver into one test tube each. 4)I prepared 3 test tubes each containing 10ml of hydrogen peroxide. 5)I setu p a water baths with 100 Celcius temperature, for temperature control using the thermometer, to ensure the correct temperature was maintained. 6)I placed 2 test tubes containing liver and hydrogen peroxide each into the water bath. )When the correct temperature was reached, I quickly transferred the liver using tweezers into the test tube containing hydrogen peroxide from the same water bath 8)I looked for any oxygen bubbles rising up in the test tube and measured the rise using a ruler 9)I repeated the above steps with 350 Celcius temperature. 10)I repeated the above steps with 350 Celcius temperature. 11)I allowed the test tube contents to cool down before disposing off the liquid waste into the sink with plenty of water and the solid waste contents carefully into the appropriate bin. 12)I rinsed all apparatus used and dried them for future use.Results of Experiment 1: It was observed that with 100 C, the temperature was too low and there was not enough heat for Catalase to cataly se the reaction well. At 350C temperature, the bubbles produced froth and it appeared like all the enzymes were catalyzing reactios. When the temperature rose to 500C, the bubbles went down, indicating that the temperature was too high, resulting in a breakdown of the enzyme called denaturation. The results when plotted resulted in a bell shaped curve. As temperature increases so to does the kinetic energy of the enzyme and substrate molecules which randomly collide.The frequency of collisions increases as the temperature increases thus initially increasing the rate of reaction. This occurs up to a maximum rate of reaction and the temperature at which the maximum rate of reaction is reached is referred to as the optimum temperature. Beyond the optimum temperature, increasing temperature increases the kinetic energy of the molecules to the point that the three-dimensional shape of the enzyme can be lost. Thus the shape of its active site changes and can no longer bind to the substrat e, reducing the rate of reaction beyond the optimum temperature.

Death of a Salesman, a Film Review Essay - 499 Words

Death of a Salesman is probably one of Arthur Millers greatest achievements. This play describes the sixty-three-year-old protagonist Willy Loman, a rounded and psychologically motivated individual. Willy is also a familiar American Philistine and even a universal type. He embodies the stupidity, immorality, self-delusion, and failure of middle-class values Miller portrays as being sterile and vicious. At the same time Willys love of his delinquent sons, however harmful and wrongly expressed has made him a King Lear in mufti. The transparent skeletal settings may be altered instantaneously; they modify naturalism into an expressionistic and dreamlike dramatization of Willys free association, shifting between and confusing the present,†¦show more content†¦Willy Loman is a salesman of small achievement who worships business and small success. His two sons, Biff and Happy, are as unsuccessful as he, but their failure derives mostly from Willys confused ideals and social blindn ess. In the end, Biff makes Willys see their lives are empty dreams, and Willy kills himself in the final illusion that his insurance money will enable Biff to achieve success. Willy is a salesman who has seen better days, or at least lets himself believe he was once more appreciated by his employers. His life has been devoted to his work, his wife, and his sons, Happy and Biff. His boys are the apple of his eye, so he cannot see that they will probably never amount to much. And that Biff has never gotten over his disgust at finding his father in a hotel room with a prostitute has continued to haunt Willy. At sixty-three Willy loses his job and has no where to turn. Then he kills himself in an automobile crash, hoping his $20,000 insurance will pay off the mortgage and give his boys another chance. At his funeral, attended only by Linda, the boys, and Charleys son; who tried to tell Biff about his father. He said that a salesman had to dream, that without dreams he was nothing. 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The modern world is becoming increasingly set in its extremes, as the lifestyle of the poor vastly contrasts that of the wealthy. The implementation of NAFTA reflects this movement toward separation, despite the fact that it was intended to boost trade between regions and create more prosperity on both sides of the United States-Mexico border. The Mexican elites saw it as their salvation. Others saw it as â €Å" a death sentence.† The ChiapasRead MoreGlass Salesman: A Comparison of Themes In a Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller2550 Words   |  11 Pagesadolescence and is suddenly thrown back in time, living as if she were the young girl she once was at Blue Mountain. Death of the Salesman by Arthur Miller was published in 1949, only four years preceding Tennessee Williams play of The Glass Menagerie. Interestingly enough, both plays begin with a glimpse of tragedy and end with self inflicted remorse. 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The main antagonist Abigail Williams with the other girl’s accusations resulted in the arrests and death of many people in the community of Salem. Arthur Miller wrote this play during the time of the Red Scare. A â€Å"Red Scare is the promotion of fear of a potential rise of communism or radical leftism. As the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the UnitedRead MorePhotography: Lewis Hine Essay1261 Words   |  6 Pagesforcing him to mature early and quickly lear n the importance of hard work. Lewis Hine grew up in Oshkosh, Wisconsin during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. He worked many jobs as a young man, some of which include a door-to-door salesman, a clerk, and a janitor. While working, he also took classes at the University of Wisconsin where he met Frank Manny. Manny, a professor at the Normal School, encouraged Hine to obtain a teaching certificate. Manny soon became director of New YorksRead MoreThe Goonies1811 Words   |  8 PagesFrancis Fratelli Anne Ramsey .... Mama Fratelli [pic][pic][pic][pic][pic][pic][pic] [pic][pic] [pic] [pic] Directions for The Goonies Essay Project Step 1- Choose a character from the film: Michael Mikey Walsh Brandon Brand Walsh Lawrence Chunk Cohen Clark Mouth Devereaux Andrea Andy Carmichael Stefanie Stef Steinbrenner Richard Data Wang (as Ke Huy Quan) Lotney Sloth Fratelli Jake Fratelli Francis Fratelli

Examples Of Dystopia In The Giver - 751 Words

The Giver by Lois Lowry is about a utopian society where there are rules for basically everything that people do. However, after reading the book, I realized that the community truly is not a utopian society but rather a dystopian society. The reasons why the seemingly utopian society is actually a dystopia is because there is no evidence of love, no colors, and the process of eliminating community members is harsh. The community in The Giver is not a utopia as evidenced by its lack of love. This is depicted when The Giver shows Jonas his favorite memory and Jonas says, â€Å"‘I certainly liked the memory, though. I can see why it’s your favorite. I couldn’t quite get the word for the whole feeling of it, the feeling that was so strong in†¦show more content†¦Since the community lacks color they miss out on a lot of fun things that can be done using it, as well as the perception of depth and feeling that can be conveyed by color such as in the change of seasons or a basket of fruit. Lastly, the elimination of community members known as â€Å"release†, which is extremely deceiving to the citizens of the community proves that this community is a dystopia. When Jonas watches his father release one of the twins, he is mortified to see the truth behind releasing. He sees where the new child is deposited, â€Å"... a small door in the wall ; Jonas could see darkness behind the door. It seemed to be the same sort of chute into which trash was deposited at school. His father loaded the carton containing the body into the chute and gave it a shove† (Lowry 151). After seeing what really happens at the releases and having the memory of death, Jonas realizes that releasing is the same as killing. Although he may not even know the truth behind the releases, Jonas feels as though he can’t even talk to his father. Essentially killing someone should not be the case just because they are twins or elderly, the releasers could have simply sent the smaller one or older person to a different community and let them live their lives. One could argue that the society in The Giver is utopian because everything is equal, but there truly is no uniqueness in the community. Everything has and always will be the same which isShow MoreRelatedThe Giver Community Is A Dystopia Essay707 Words   |  3 PagesThe giver community is a dystopia. I know this because when you compare the giver community to our world it takes a minute but I guarantee it is a dystopia, you can see this because on the out side looking in, you know all of the secrets that make up the giver community. another reason it is a dystopia is because when people imagine a perfect world it is not anything like the community of the giver, lastly is the fact that the government plans out people’s lives. I will go into detail and make manyRead MoreThe Giver Dystopia Essay1155 Words   |  5 Pagesa utopia cannot be achieved, a utopia would be â€Å"perfect world† where everyone is satisfied. A dystopia can be very far from perfect, as it is in The Giver. The world in The Giver by Lois Lowry is a dystopia because no world anywhere can ever be perfect, the people who live there will never be truly happy and because without choice life can be very boring, as it is in The Giver. The world in The Giver is not perfect because nothing can really be perfect. It is almost impossible to think of a perfectRead MoreOne Of The First Dystopian Novels To Become Famous Was1396 Words   |  6 Pagesdystopian literature is mostly in an adolescent’s perspective. For example, the Giver was one of the first dystopian novels written in a teenager point of view. Now, most all dystopian novels are now written in this style, such as the Maze Runner, Divergent, and the Hunger Games. Many dystopias contain the notion of an â€Å"impending apocalypse.† They will allow the slight possibility of recreation, and only a few will survive. The Giver, Brave New World, 1984, â€Å"Repent, Harlequin!† Said the TicktockmanRead MoreDystopian Societies : Literature Study1913 Words   |  8 Pagesare learning the meanings of a utopia and dystopia through reading The Giver and The Hunger Games. A utopia and a dystopia are very different. A utopia is an imaginary land with perfection of all kinds. In a utopian world, everybody makes the same amount of money, everyone is treated fairly, there is no racism or discrimination, everyone has housing, and nobody will ever starve or be unhappy. A dystopia is the total opposite of a utopia because a dystopia is a horrible messed up place. Everyone isRead MoreDystopian Fiction : Dystopian Novel1559 Words   |  7 PagesHunger Games, Divergent, The Giver, and Ready Player One as examples. In order to fully understand why dystopian fiction is important, the term dystopia needs to be defined. According to dictionary.com, dystopia is a society characterized by human misery, as squalor, oppression, disease, and overcrowding. Merriam-Webster defines dystopia as an imaginary place where people are unhappy and usually afraid because they are not treated fairly. The Oxford dictionary defines dystopia as an imagined place orRead MoreThe Giver ( Lois Lowry ), And Animal Farm1805 Words   |  8 Pagesopponent. These two scenarios are quick summaries of two timeless, utopia/dystopia novels, The Giver (Lois Lowry), and Animal Farm (George Orwell). When I read these novels, I often switched back and forth in reading them, and realized that The Giver s government and justice system is very similar to Animal Farm s government and justice system, but Animal Farm is based on real events (The Russian Revolution), while The Giver is more of a picture of a future, and lastly, they both describe what canRead MoreThe Giver As A Dystopian Society759 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom dystopian life. Lois Lowry shows readers how people can suffer in dystopian society. In The Giver, Jonas’ community appears to be a utopia, but in reality it is a dystopia because everyone is under the illusion that there is freedom, dehumanization, and their strict regulations. The Giver is considered as a dystopian society because everyone is under the illusion that there is freedom. An example of this is when the text states, â€Å"youre ready for the pills, thats all. That’s the treatment forRead MoreA Clueless Community in The Giver by Mrs. Lowry Essay614 Words   |  3 Pagespeople don’t have to worry about poverty, crime, starvation and basically any typical world problems. Although, this community still has many problems. People still think this is a wonderful place to live but this community is a dystopia. In Mrs. Lowry’s book â€Å"The Giver† she explains how families function here as well as the both negative and positive point of views for family. The main character is Jonas. He is very special and different because he can see beyond. Jonas notices that his familyRead MoreThe Giver And An Ember In The Ashes Analysis1161 Words   |  5 PagesThe Giver and An Ember In The Ashes are both fascinating books that revolve around protagonists and the will to change their crumbled societies which is seen as justified by their rulers. Not only are these two books strikingly similar but yet have their own unique storylines and characters. From the genres literature to the last pages, here are some of the overlapping features in both novels. Both stories have a utopian or dystopian setup (although some people disagree if An Ember In The Ashes isRead MoreThemes in The Giver1222 Words   |  5 PagesThemes in The Giver What if there was a world without memory, choice, or emotion? Could a world truly exist in those conditions? In Lois Lowry’s Newbery Award winning novel The Giver, the main character, Jonas, lives in a world exactly as described. In his community, nobody at all can remember anything, choose, or feel any emotion. All of these things are banned is because his community wanted everything to run smoothly. They wanted a community without hate, war, or conflict. While reading Lois

Jesus Is The Perfect Representation Of Love - 2195 Words

The love of Jesus is evident to us not only by his sacrifice on the cross, but he showed his love while he walked on this earth in many other ways by feeding the hungry, healing the sick, and teaching others. The reason I chose this topic is because I feel that this is one of the greatest examples Jesus gave for us while on this earth. It’s an example of how we should seek to treat others everyday and what we should strive to achieve throughout our lives. Jesus was the perfect representation of love, even when loving his enemies. The exact definition of love is: â€Å"A profoundly tender, passionate affection for another person.† 1 Corinthians 13 defines love as â€Å"patient and kind, does not envy or boast, is not arrogant or rude, does not insist on its own way, is not irritable or resentful, does not rejoice at wrongdoings, but rejoices with the truth, it bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, and endures all things.† This is the love that J esus has shown throughout his life on earth and the love that we must strive to imitate. There are four different types of love as explained by the Greeks; Eros, Phileo, Storge, and Agape. Eros is love within the body. It is defined as romantic love and a state of the heart. Phileo is love of the body. It is love of the soul and of those close to you such as your friends and parents. Storge is love of community and family. This love is known to have the power to pull you towards a lesser path. Finally, Agape, which is theShow MoreRelated Beauty and the Beast1639 Words   |  7 PagesWhat pops into your mind when you hear the word ‘love?’ Do you think of a person who loved you or someone you’ve admired? We, as human beings, are made to love. We even distinguish love as family, romantic, and selfless love: also known as, storge, eros, and agape. As much as we desire to love others, we hold high values of being loved by others. Humanity’s great appreciation towards love is so great, it is even portrayed in fairy tales. Little Mermaid is a story about a mermaid who exchanges herRead MoreDefense of The Passion of the Christ Against Charges of Anti-Semitism806 Words   |  4 Pagesits inception. Throughout history both Christians and Jews have been at odds and many have taken their passions, perceptions, and perversions of the Cross of Christ to the extreme. The core issue is that the Jews have been blamed for the death of Jesus Christ. The movie Passion of the Christ portrayed the last twelve hours of Christs life before and up to the crucifixion. Religious leaders around the world where petrified that this re-enactment on the big screen would fuel the fire of hatred towardsRead MoreRepentance: The Story of The Prodigal Son Essay1523 Words   |  7 Pagescharacters (Father, younger song, older son) all represent one aspect of the religious undertone that is carried throughout the duration of this tale. While the concept of family is prevalent in this story, what is actually more important is the symbol of Jesus and his followers that is communicated through the idea of family. The family embodies the idea of God, sinners, and Pharisees. Each character in the prodigal son represents one of these three symbols, and through the use of the symbols the audienceRead MoreReligion1641 Words   |  7 Pagesthe sense of separating himself from the sin that is present in the world, portraying God as being both perfect morally and above human morally. This is seen in the scriptures in psalms 18:30 â€Å"This God-his way is perfect.† This aspect of Gods nature illustrates a God that is perfect and without sin. Without the feature of transcendence present in Gods nature, God would cease to exist as a perfect and fully righteous God. Although this is one aspect of Gods nature, it is vital not to neglect other aspectsRead MoreGod s Rescue Operation By Wright Essay1274 Words   |  6 PagesChurch, and Jesus to compl ete his plan. Through these three, Wright believes that God intends for the â€Å"kingdom of the world to become kingdom of God† in which â€Å"the beauty of this world will be enfolded in the beauty of God†, only completing his rescue operation â€Å"when the present world is rescued, healed, restored, and completed.† (Wright 78) Israel, a nation with a history of insurgence, turmoil, and agony, is the start of God’s rescue operation. Israel, in the Bible, serves as a representation of theRead MoreThe Death and Resurrection of Jesus Christ788 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstanding of God being loving, understanding and merciful and a God who wants to help us and interact with us. God loves all of us, not just those under the category of Christians. However God may impact all of our lives daily, only those who allow him to are influenced significantly. The death and ressurection of Jesus Christ is an event that occurs in the New Testament where Jesus, God s only son, is crucified, buried, and three days later rises from the dead. Christians accept the New TestamentRead MoreChristianity And The Holy Trinity955 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Within the covers of the Bible are the answers for all the problems men face.† (Quotes About Christianity) This quote is from Ronald Regan, and I think it is a good representation of Christianity. Christianity is centered on the teachings and life of Jesus of Nazareth which is found in the Bible. Along with the teachings of Jesus, Christians believe in the Old Testament, that has biblical records that date back to 1500 B.C.E.. Some of these beliefs include the Holy Trinity, salvation, afterlifeRead MoreThe Teaching of Jesus Essay1183 Words   |  5 Pages Will the teachings of Jesus Christ be able to survive the 3rd millennium? Jesus emphasized the actions and teachings of God by using his life as an example of Gods ways. He was an exact representation of God which made him God as well. Jesus referred to the history of God in his teachings. He used the basis of Gods t eachings that God demonstrated through Adam, Abraham and David. There were approximately 4000 years between the start of man up to the time of Christs birth. Then for the last 2000Read MoreFathers, Martyrs, And Our Religion Is Better : A New Critical Outlook On The Life Of The872 Words   |  4 Pagesappeal in being a Gentile. Throughout many Gentile tales, the reader is bombarded with symbols, especially that of the number three, which is a strong representation of the religion. It is the number of divine perfection, meaning the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, is the number of times that Peter denied knowing Jesus, as well as the day that Jesus rose from the dead. In The Life of Saint Cecilia, the number three is referenced when she first goes into the heated Caldarium, â€Å"like that which refreshedRead MoreEssay on gospel essentials1467 Words   |  6 Pagesfocus on the Christian worldview. The Christian worldview involves God, humanity, Jesus, and restoration. The Christian Worldview God Can God truly be defined? Yes and no! It is important to know the facts about God which one can get from studying the Bible. Secondly, it is important to fellowship with God to get to know Him on a personal and intimate level. There are so many characteristics of God as He was and is perfect in all His ways. God is sovereign. This gives God the ability to do what He knows

Wars of Roses A Thematic Account Free Essays

string(47) " defeated with their Royals narrowly escaping\." Introduction Wars of the Roses was a dreadfully brutal, prolonged, civil conflict in England among the descendants of two houses namely the Yorks and the Lancasters; with each claiming to be the rightful heir to the throne. The overall result of the brutal war was to slay off all the prospective claimants to the English throne on belonging to either houses, inflict mayhem and devastation, turn hatred into blood-feuds, and force the entire English Royal family that ruled the country for more than 300 years to a disgraceful end. Moreover, the Wars of the Roses has few equivalents in history when it comes to tortuous schemes, turnarounds, treachery and treason, changes allegiance, armed setbacks, and astonishing endings. We will write a custom essay sample on Wars of Roses: A Thematic Account or any similar topic only for you Order Now Wars or Roses is not an easy war to comprehend historically or in terms of military progress. The war is named after the two Roses that represent the houses of Lancaster (red rose) and York (white rose) respectively, among the English nobility. The roots of the war lies in the disputed progression of kingship that existed over the two previous generations when King Henry IV (Bolingbroke), who was a Lancaster, became king succeeding Richard II, who had been deposed off. Many observers and commentators are of the belief that Richard’s cousin Clarence, who was a York, had had a better claim to the throne; however Richard II was in a better position to make a claim as his father, John of Gaunt, was highly influential. Succeeding Richard II, Henry V became a popular king earning great respect for victories in France; hence no one argued against his succession to the throne. Likewise, no one challenged his son’s claim to succession during the life of Henry V. Unfortunately, Henry V died young and his son Henry VI did not prove to be as popular or a strong leader as hi s predecessor. His kingship was marred by the surrounding of unpopular advisors. Given this situation, the House of York, impelled on by the Earl of Warwick (aka the King Maker), made efforts to claim their righteousness for the throne.[1] The political maneuverings to by the House of York to reclaim their right for the throne began much earlier than the actual battles. It was when King Henry VI, after several years of his marriage to Margaret of Anjou, failed to produce a male off spring who would succeed him. It was widely opined that after the death of King Henry VI, the throne would smoothly pass on to the Yorks given that Henry had no heir. This opinion turned into a reality when a formal accord of succession was signed between the Lancasters and the Yorks and it seemed as eventually the Yorks would succeed without any bloodshed. However, as the events unfolded, King Henry’s VI wife Margaret of Anjou unexpectedly gave birth to a male child after a long wait of seven years. Margaret of Anjou was a strong lady, with all the strength of characters and leadership qualities lacked by her husband, and thus decided to abolish the previously signed accord of Yorkish succession and insisted upon the right of her son to succeed Kind Henry VI. [2] Similarly the tensions between the Lancaster and Yorks renewed following the removal of Richard of York from government positions and the Royal council by Henry VI. Henry VI was prone to bouts of insanity and hence he appointed Richard of York as his Regent during one of his bouts in 1454. Upon his recovery, he saw that Richard had become too powerful and thus removed him from all his positions. This ignited the Yorks to attack Henry VI under Richard’s command.[3] During the early years of the War of Roses, Margaret of Anjou was the one who led the cause of Lancaster rather than her husband King Henry VI. Margaret of Anjou shied away from nothing, from leading her husband’s armies personally, to decapitating her adversaries in order to support the succession of her son. On the other hand, the driving force behind the cause of Yorks was the powerful Earl of Warwick, and the Duke of York. Both Warwick and the Queen were cousins by marriage. At that time, Warwick was considered to be the wealthiest and the most influential English noble. Ironically, he had no male heirs and resultantly he was determined to marry his daughters with the Royal family. [4] The entire War of Roses can be divided into three phases. The initial phase was the longest and deadliest, and led to the victory of the Yorks. It was followed by a phase of rebellion within the House of York, which subsequently led to Lancaster’s claim to the throne. Their success was very short lived and soon the Yorks regained the throne. The third phase was marked by the death of King Edward IV of York. During this phase, Richard III fought with a usurper Henry Tudor, who was a distant cousin of the Royals from the Lancaster side. First Phase: This phase is marked by the deadliest and the most violent battles between the two Houses which were fought between 1459 and 1461, and ended in the victory of Yorks— the Lancaster Royals were exiled in France, with Henry VI being imprisoned by the Yorks in England. There were however, several reversals where the Yorks seemed to have lost their way, along with temporary truces between the two sides.[5] After the opening battles between the two sides, the Yorks were victorious in the early battles. However, the Yorks face massive disaster during the battle of Wakefield, in December of 1460, the Yorks met with disaster. Both the Duke of York and his eldest son were killed. The Yorkish supporters were enraged with this defeat and thus they further attacked the Lanceters with more armies, inflicting heavy losses upon them parallel to the battle of Wakefield. Ultimately in the battle of Towton, the Lanceters were defeated with their Royals narrowly escaping. You read "Wars of Roses: A Thematic Account" in category "Essay examples" Edward IV claimed the throne in 1461. It was followed by a cessation of armed battles for almost ten years. Second Phase: The second phase initiated with a prevailing feeling of discontent among the Yorkish camp. The Earl of Warwick who had orchestrated the Yorkist reclamation to the throne along with Kind Edward’s father, became disheartened with Edward when he decided to marry someone from the rival family contrary to Warwick’s wishes, and ignored his advice on some major issues. Consequently, Warwick along with a brother of Edward named Clarence, deposed Edward and replaced him with Clarence However, this victory was short lived. Soon Warwick, along with help of Queen Margaret, again overthrew Edward. However, with a startling turn of events, both Warwick and Prince Henry (son of Henry VI were killed in the following battles and Edward IV again reclaimed the throne to rule the rest of his life.[6] Third Phase: Edward IV died while his apparent heir Edward V was too young to rule and therefore, his faithful uncle Richard was appointed as his Regent. However, Richard soon captured young Edward and his brother in the Tower on London, and upon their mysterious disappearance, claimed the throne for himself. Richard was both liked very much by those who despised Edwards IV wife and hated by those who alleged him for killing Edward’s IV two princes. It was in this situation that Henry Tudor of Lancaster asserted his claim to the throne. Henry counted on Richard’s enemies for assistance against him and was duly right. Henry Tudor reconciled with the Yorks by marrying Elizabeth of York, the eldest daughter of Edward IV.[7] According to Hicks[8] there are four factors that led to the War of Roses. These are: the crown’s (Henry VI) weak financial condition; the people’s engagement in politics; the interference of foreign countries; and the consciousness of the nobility that it is legitimate to try to terminate the king. There existed other problems behind the war too. One of those which very prominent was the variety of economic troubles that emerged in around 1440 and lasted till 1470s, to which Hicks refers as the ‘Great Slump’[9]. Problems such as credit crisis, a significant fall in the foreign trade, a drastic fall down in agro-based (agricultural) revenues, rents, wages and other prices are considered to be main features contributing to the first two factors: the revenues which were being obtained through customs were cut down. Furthermore, since the impoverishment influenced all the tax payers – thus a harder task was confronted in drawing out grants of direct ta xation from the parliament. Similarly, it is under debate that economic problems gave rise to much of the turbulent situation of this period, contributing in the revolt of 1450 and the reservoir of famous alienation on which nobles like Richard of York and Warwick the Kingmaker eagerly drew. Adding to this, one other problem which caused the nobility to move their boundaries of obedience was the division of dynasty, a core factor prior to 1460, but after that a persistent and easy way of disputing with the authority of the King. These four are the major causes of the War of Roses, and whenever these factors departed, such as throughout 1485-1525, the conflicts ended. In K.B McFarlane’s[10] view, the inability of Henry VI to manage a basically sound and stable system regarding the relationship between the king (himself) and nobility (his Regent Richard II) caused the war. The war persisted because the series of usurps didn’t guarantee landowners the safety that they required. This explanation efficiently points out the individual’s role in a structural setting; and it is considered to be a valid explanation of the wars generally. Tony Pollard[11] explains that the War or Roses was the result of underlying weaknesses in the political system. On one hand it was basically due to the gap between the expectations and the administration of the subjects, while on the other hand it is the capability of the monarchs to carry out what they demanded. Although this gap could and did get extended for several reasons, which are more local to the later 15th century (defeat in France, fiscal and economic problems, a split in the dynasty, an incapable and clumsy ruler in the 1450s and significantly shrewd ones after 1485), it was the cause behind the Wars, as it was also the cause of the problems and issues of 1370-1410 and perhaps 1547-53. Another modern explanation of War of Roses is contributed by Christine Carpenter[12]. She has contended that, while the political system was totally stable, it is a particular manner of accounting both public and private authorities, predominantly that of aristocracy, describing why the incompetency of Henry VI had such striking and long lasting effects led to the war. According to Carpenter, the king ought to balance and merge the different components in the constitution; if he did not make decisions authoritatively and did not offer an adequate leadership in the field of justice and defense, division and disorder were the fate. And like Edward IV (until 1417), Edward V and Richard III, could similarly not offer that kind of leadership. According to Carpenter, the inappropriate actions of Warwick and the role played by Henry VII in prolonging the conflict, was not needed. These various themes indicate that there are many reasons which can be attributed as the causal factors for these historic events; with each different theme or factor grounded in sound social, political and economical theories. Some of these justifications may sound more viable than others, while some might be deemed as less influential. A common theme among all of these aforementioned theories is that whenever the subjects of an authority are denied their rightful privileges and justice along with their basic needs, it paves way for the ultimate demise of the authority itself. This can be an important lesson for those who assert their authorities in the current times in any ways; whether they are the heads of governments, powerful business organizations, religious leaders, or even a head of family. After all, it is always better to learn from the example of others rather than become another example ourselves. Bibliography Carpenter, C. (1997).The Wars of the Roses: Politics and the Constitution in England, c.1437–1509. Cambridge. Haaren, J. and Poland A. (1904) Famous Men of the Middle Ages. American Book Company Haigh, P. A. (1995). The Military Campaigns of the Wars of the Roses. Hatcher, J (1996) ‘The great slump of the mid-15th century’, in Progress and Problems in Medieval England, ed. R. Britnell and J. Hatcher (Cambridge, 1996), 237–72. Heritage History (2012). War of the Roses. 1453-1485. Lancatrians Vs Yorkists. {online} Available from http://www.heritage-history.com/www/heritage.php?Dir=warsFileName=wars_roses.php (cited on 17th December, 2012) Hicks, M. (2010). The Wars of Roses. New Haven, CT, Yale University Press, McFarlane, K.B. (1981) ‘The Wars of the Roses’, in idem, England in the 15th Century. London., 231–61 Pollard, J. (2001)The Wars of the Roses, 2nd ed., Basingstoke. Wheeler, K. (2012) The Wars of the Roses. {online} Available from http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/War_of_Roses.html (cited on 17th December, 2012) How to cite Wars of Roses: A Thematic Account, Essay examples